Sectional water-heater



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l. D. E. HOWATT. SEGTIONAL WATER HEATER.

No. 459,096. Patented Sept. 8, 1891.

(NO Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

D. E.. HOWATT. SEGTIONAL WATER EEATEE.A4

No. 459,096. Patenteld Sept. 8, 1891.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

D. E. HOWATT.

SEGTIONAL WATER HEATER.

No. 459,096. Patented Sept, 8, 1891.

| (as co., mel-muws.. msnmcwon n c UNITED STATES PATENT GEEICE.

DAVID E. I'IOVATT, OF IIYDE PARK, NEY YORK.

SECTIONAL WATER-HEATER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 459,096, dated September 8, 1891.

y Application filed April 29, 1891. Serial No. 390,998- (No model.)

T0 all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DAVID E. IIOWATT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hyde Park, in the county of Dutchess and Stat-e of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sectional Tater-Heaters 5 and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to sectional waterheaters in which the sections, when placed together side by side, as shown in the drawings, constitute a lcomplete heater without other joints than those formed by the union oi' the sections themselves, this union of the sections being in the fire-sections and not in the water-cells.

The water-heater,- as hereinafter described, is an improvementupon the sectional heater shown in Letters Patent of the United States, No. Li31,355, granted to me July l, 1890; and the objects of my improvements upon my former heater are, first, to provide a graduallycontracting fire and heat space between the water-spaces to prevent a too rapid escape of the heated gases; second, to provide a corresponding enlargement of the water-space of each section from bottom to top to permit the freer movement of the water as it naturally expands with the increasing heat, and, third, to provide,by the addition of a flue on either side of the center fiue and by the use of a movable cover at one end of the center flue, the means of changing the heater at once from an indirect draft to a direct draft, and vice versa. I attain there objects by the device illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure lis a perspective view oi' my heater, showing it in position for use, except that the ordinary outside manifold pipe connections are omitted for the sake of simplicity. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a single section of my water-heater, showing the three Snickeiiues and the gradual tapering of the watereell and the nre-space. Fig. 3 is a vertical section cut through the center of heater from front to back on line 3 of Fig. 4, showing the relative positions of the various portions of the heater, including the upper manifold pipe connections with the outlet-pipe. Fig. 4E is a vertical cross-section cut on line i 4 of Fig. 3, showing the relation of water-space to fire-box and smoke-fines; and Fig'. 5 is ahorizontal section of the heater cut through the smoke-dues and smoke-bonnets to better show the movement of the heated gases when indirect draft is used.

Similar letters refer to similarparts throughout the views.

A represents the base of the heater, and may be of any desired size and shape. In the drawings it is shown as about fourteen inches high and made in four parts, which terminate at the corners in the flanges T, bolted together at t t. Itis preferably made about two inches wider at the bottom than at the top, and is provided with the ordinary door P.

Upon the base are placed the end sections I3 and C and the intermediate sections of the heater D D. These intermediate sections D D are of like construction, as shown in Fig. 2, and are cast in a single piece with a core which has its only openings .I at the top to make the manifold connections at K with the outletfpipe I and at either side at the bottom J for connections with the return and inlet pipes,which are of the usual construction and not shown in the drawings, except in section, Fig. 4. The sections D are also cast with the fines E R R near the top, these fiues being entirely surrounded by water-spaces, as is shown in Fig. Li. The deep water-cell M is east tapering from its narrowest point at the fire-box arch f, becoming larger toward the top, thus narrowing the iire-space (Z as it nears the entrance to the center iiue E, so that a too rapid escape of the heated gases from the waterspace surfaces is avoided. That escape of the heated air is still further delayed by my device for creating an indirect draft, which consists of the smoke-bonnets F Fand the sliding cover N for closing the end of the center flue nearest the chimneyfiue G, thus forcing the heated gases to pass, as is shown in Fig. 5, through E into the smoke-bonnet F and back through both side iiues R R to smokebonnet F, and then out of G to the chimney.

The retention of the heated air and its passage along' the upper water-surfaces tends to IOO greater economy of fuel when it is desired to run the heater steadily after the heat in the fire-box is once raised to the desired point.

On the other hannd, if a quick direct draft is required in starting up the fire this result may be quickly obtained by drawing aside from its position opposite the center iiue E the sliding cover or damper N, which is conveniently operated by the handle j and the connecting-rod z'. l

The advantages are very apparent of thus being able by the movement of a single damper and without the use of a jacket or any outer casing to change the action of my heater from the quick direct draft desirable in starting a fire to the slower indirect draft which maintains even heat and economizes fuel.

In order to provide a means of rapidly cleaning the flues E R- R', I construct openings S in the smoke-bonnets opposite the respective iiues and close them by doors H, pivoted at g and retained in place by engagin g with a keeper h. During the cleaning of the flues the doors may be thrown upward and back and a direct entrance to each flue obtained at both ends of the heater. The smoke-bonnets are alike in construction, ex,- cept that F has no collar for a chimney,only one such connection-that in Grd-being necessary. The passage of the heated gases through the smoke-flues and smoke-bonnets into the chimney by indirect draft through the side flues R R is shown by the direction of the arrows in Fig. 5 and by the heavy arrows in Fig. 3. The dotted arrows inFig. 3 represent the movement directly to the chimney of the heated gases when the indirect damper N is removed to the end of center iiue E.

The end sections B C differ somewhat in construction from the intermediate sections to adapt them for the smoke-bonnets F F', and also in the front section for the ordinary door O. The number of sections may be varied according to the work required, and'in case of a boiler with a large number of sections it might be convenient to have a firedoor also in the rear section C. Any ordinary grate may be used at the bottom of the fire-box, corresponding in size tothe required number of sections in the heater. The lower arches f of the water-cells M may be at any convenient height above the grate; but in practice I have found that they may be carried about an inch below the upper part of the iire-door. The tire-door should be high enough to permit a good depth of live coals upon the grate below the door-opening.

If it be desired to increase the heating-surfaces of the water-cells still further than is shown in the drawings, the cells M may be constructed with vertical flutings or shallow corrugations running upward from f and gradually decreasing in size until they disappear at a point about where the letter d is placed in Fig. 2; but this is a mere mechani` cal change which I do not claim, and have not thought it necessary to represent in the drawings. So, also, the boiler may be set in a brick casing; but it is one of the advantages of this sectional boiler and of the one described in United States Patent No. tl that this outer casing is not necessary if the section-joints, which are all lire-box joints, are packed with asbestus or similar packing.

Having thus described the invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent` 1s l. Awater-heatercomposed of sections containing continuous water-spaces depressed in the center to form, when the sections are placed adjacent to one another, heat-nues opening at the top into a central smoke-flue, these depressions of the sections being greatest at the bott-om and decreasing toward the top to somewhat contract the flue-openings at their entrance to the -centralsmoke-iiue, as and for the purpose specified;

2. A sectional water'heater in which each section consists of a continuous water-space surrounding fire-boX and smoke-flue openings, depressed in the center over the fire-box to form heat-flues, as described, and increasing in width from the bottom of the Watercell to the central horizontal smoke-fine for the purpose of facilitating a free upward movement of the heated water, substantially as set forth.

3. A water-heater composed of two outer and one or more inner sections constructed with continuous jointless water-spaces which increase in width from the arch of the firebox to the central smoke-line for the purpose of contracting the heat-dues and enlarging the water-cells from the bottom upward, all the sections being unitedby outside manifold pipe connections and placed above an ash-pit and grate, substantially as described.

4. In a water-heater, a smoke-fine connected by direct draft with the heat-flues above the fire-box and with the chimney, in combination with one or more parallel smoke-fines connected by outside smoke-bonnets, and a movable damper adapted to close the chimney end of the main flue for the purpose of forcing the heated gases through the supplementary flues, substantially as described.

5. A water-heater consisting of two outer and one or more inner sections having continuous water-spaces alternating with heatflues, constructed as described, in combination with cross-fines, only one of which is connected by direct draft with the heat-fines over the fire-box, outside smoke-bonnets for uniting the cross-fines, and a movable cover or damper for closing the chimney end of the main flue, as and for the purpose specified.

6. A sectional water-heater consisting of the sections B C D, united by outside manifold pipe connections and having inside continuous water-spaces surrounding fire -box and smoke-fines, the sections being depressed in the center, as described, to form the heatthrough Ilues R R', all substantially as and lo fines d, the main cross-flue E, into which the for the purposes described.

heat-fines lead by direct draft, the supple- In testimonywhereof I affix my signature in mentary flues R R', the smoke-bonnets F F', presence of two Witnesses.

covering the ends of the cross-fines, one of f Y them F being adapted to receive a smoke- DAX ID E' HO ATT pipe at flange G, and a movable damper N, NVtnesses:

operated to close the chimney end of flue E IRVING ELTING,

when it is desired to force the heated gases SILAS XVODELL. 

